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0D<4ddddg? 0Duʚ;2Nʚ;h___PPT2001D<4X2___PPT9/ 0? %O =/JbLISU Research & consultancy for performance management Information, cultural & academic servicesFcPSPPS3(S,b  Measuring & managing  statistical benchmarking in academic librariesFE$Claire Creaser BSc CStat#"Benchmarking in academic libraries"sBackground Choosing comparators/partners Methodologies Statistical methods Process benchmarking Practical examples68)8)i,Performance related approaches to management,  Management statistics Contextual information Inputs Outputs Performance indicators Relating outputs to inputs Added value Impact measurement`&'&'  TBefore you startStakeholders Institution managers Library managers & staff Users What evidence do you need? What do you need to know? Why do you need to know it? What do you hope to get out of it?L 4Y 4YXCollecting the evidenceWhat data to collect? What do you want to know? Relevant, useful, current  and accurate? Where will it come from? Quantitative and/or qualitative? Context as well as performance Collect what you need Need what you collectL*Reliable evidenceEssential for meaningful analysis Rubbish in = rubbish out Increased reliability from: Numeracy of library managers Data collection techniques Computer literacy Level of interest Compare like with like Per capita Other ratio statistics"dZd\Zd"Z"\" 9  GSources of evidenceManagement data Library management systems Stock statistics, financial data, staff . . . Performance indicators Regular surveys User opinions, condition of stock . . . . Occasional surveys Project evaluation Soft indicators Focus groups, comment boxes, graffiti walls. . . .dZ/ZZd*ZdZd3Z/*  3CBenchmarking for effectiveness  <Identify  best performance Set appropriate targets Investigate best practice Replicate relevant methods Review and repeat! Goal: The improvement of servicest  }  !F6What is  best performance?  Large book stocks Breadth of collection or Out of date stock? High levels of expenditure Generous provision or Unusual costs? Stock turn Relate to aims and objectives)  )  bBenchmarking methodsInternal Between service points External With like institutions Against  best practice Against  standards T  C  C ?Statistical Broad brush overview Process Fine detail Over time?j     KChoosing comparators   Against whom? Internal or external? Comparison with other institutions Individual institutions Group average Whole sector Benchmarking clubs To share data not otherwise available To compare detailed processest#3D#3D %  LChoosing comparators  Subjective Geographical similarity Neighbours Historical associations Competitors Objective Who are you really like? Demographic characteristics Library inputs Performance indicators    B   BP"        B  MStatistical methodsNearest neighbour analysis Range of discriminating variables Start with all institutions Comparator group size determined by analysis Combine with  local knowledge Aims and objectives Organisational structure Realistic aspirations!`k-k-NNearest neighboursxUniversity X  6 measures based on Service inputs Population to be served All universities initially considered Measures standardised for equal weight Average difference from University X6#(r#(rONearest Neighbour plotsRanked distance from target % difference between neighbourslChoosing a method  Statistical methods Management statistics Performance indicators Many comparators Independent Process benchmarking Qualitative as well as quantitative Few comparators Collaborative LJCJC  )Statistical BenchmarkingWhy? Global picture Descriptive Advocacy Published statistical series give: A starting point Many comparators Time series Sector averages Evidence, not answersTd$Z#dTZ$#T)v  2Snapshot analysesmWhere you are now Simple comparisons Other institutions External benchmarks Graphical or tabular presentation6%'"%'"4Snapshot graphs3Information spend as % of total institutional spend 'Additions to book stock per FTE student5Trends over timeHow did we get here? Basic tables Data for several years Listing of comparators Graphical presentation Comparison against averagesL".".6Expenditure per FTE studentInformation provision Electronic information=Process benchmarkingWhy? Follow up to statistical benchmarking Service improvement Specific area of activity Comparison In depth Small number of institutions CollaborativeLU 4U 4X?>(New universities benchmarking consortium(Initially 4, now 5 Confidentiality agreement Project based Contextual data New data collection procedures In-depth analysis Review and repeat Results from 4 projects published6;S";S"?Shelving processes.Objectives To identify best practice shelving methods To improve work-flows where possible To develop performance measures To examine the staffing implications To measure costings for shelving processes Methodologies Shelving times - tracking slips Shelf tidiness  sample surveyL ? ? eIShelving times2000-01  2001-02@Short loan collectionsAims: To identify short loan models To work towards providing a better quality service To consult the users To create a model of best practice Methodologies Comparison of current models User satisfaction questionnaireL==J Process model<"Benchmarking in academic librariesIs one tool among many Has resource implications Gives more questions than answers Generates service improvements Is worth the effort l ""  0V"QLISU lisu@lboro.ac.uk http://www.lboro.ac.uk/departments/dis/lisu/lisuhp.html~RPSPPSPSPPSP8V   0m 0m 0!Q /0Osv  "#$*-/123456  ` ̙33` ` ff3333f` 333MMM` f` f` 3>?" dd@d?" dn@ <dx " dk <u " di n?" dd@   @@``PN x k u i` p>>  d(    <1?" > "  C xwawaa1 ?"0  T Click to edit Master title style! !N  Zwawa1 ?"0 :|  RClick to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level!     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